In a world where low-cost flights crisscross the planet and almost every destination feels a booking away, it might come as a surprise to know that there are still places that don’t have airports. These handful of countries, in fact, function perfectly well without an airport. They even welcome visitors each year i large numbers, but not a single plane lands within their borders. If you are curious by now and wondering how people get in, here’s a look at five airport-less nations — and the routes that make them accessible.

Vatican City

The beautiful, and popular destination, doesn’t need runways, as it barely has space for a parking lot. Vatican City sits entirely within Rome and spans less than half a square kilometre, making it easier to explore on foot than most neighbourhoods. Travellers usually fly into Rome’s Leonardo da Vinci (Fiumicino) Airport and simply walk or take a short ride to the Vatican. It’s also the rare country where you can attend a Papal blessing and be eating gelato across the border minutes later.

San Marino

San Marino, a picture-perfect country that never had its own airport, is perched high on a rocky mountaintop in central Italy. After landing at Rimini Airport in Italy, tourists usually drive or take a bus inside the enclave. San Marino is one of the oldest republics in the world despite its modest size, and its stone streets and mediaeval towers transport visitors back in time.

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein is beautifully sandwiched between Austria and Switzerland, and is not par of the the aviation game, meaning no airports for planes to land. Fortunately, it’s only around an hour’s drive or train ride to Zurich Airport, one of the busiest in Europe. SO now you know how to reach there. And once within Liechtenstein, you’ll have all the time to discover picturesque scenery, regal castles, and mountain communities.

Andorra

Set deep in the Pyrenees, Andorra is yet another destination with no airports. It can be safely said that it trades airports for dramatic mountains and world-class ski slopes. Travellers usually arrive via Spain’s Barcelona Airport or France’s Toulouse Airport, which is followed by a scenic bus ride that winds into this high-altitude microstate. Helicopter transfers are also available, for those wanting a more dramatic entrance. No runways here, but plenty of snow, shopping, and panoramic views.

Monaco

Don’t be fooled by this glitzy principality with its superyachts, luxury hotels, and the iconic Formula 1 street circuit — Monaco has no airport. Travellers fly into Nice Côte d’Azur Airport in France and then make a short road transfer, or an even shorter helicopter hop, to reach Monaco’s harbour-lined streets. It’s one of the few places in the world where the journey from airport runway to casino floor can take less than half an hour.

Travelling to countries with drinkable tap water is a total game-changer. It saves you money, reduces plastic waste, and honestly, just makes life easier.

Drinking water becomes an entire travel category when you visit a country where tap water is not safe. Bottles stack up in hotel rooms. Travellers ration them nervously. The hunt for a reliable brand becomes a side-mission in a foreign supermarket. Yet some destinations offer water so clean that you can refill your bottle from the bathroom sink without thinking twice. Travelling in these countries feels lighter and cheaper because daily hydration costs nothing and carries no risk. These nations score perfectly on the Environmental Performance Index for drinking water and sanitation, and they have infrastructure built to maintain high purity throughout homes, hotels, airports, restaurants, and public spaces. If you are planning a trip and want to avoid buying bottled water altogether, these are the places where your reusable bottle becomes your most useful travel companion.

Why Some Countries Allow Bottle-Free Travel

Countries with reliable tap water usually have natural sources that require minimal treatment, such as glaciers, springs, and protected groundwater. They also maintain strict rules around testing, filtration, distribution, and storage. This creates water that tastes clean and remains safe whether you are in a city centre, a coastal village, or a high-altitude region. For travellers, this means lower expenses, fewer plastic bottles, and more confidence while brushing teeth, refilling bottles, or ordering water at meals. It also allows a more sustainable style of travel, since you avoid contributing to plastic waste in destinations that are already managing high visitor numbers.

Here Are 6 Countries Where You Can Travel Without Buying Water:

Finland

Finland’s silent forests, lakes, and open landscapes reflect the country’s approach to water. It consistently ranks at the top for drinking water safety. Much of Finland’s supply naturally filters through ridges formed during the Ice Age, which reduces the need for treatment. Travellers can refill bottles anywhere, including public taps, hotels, and cafes. Bottled water is rarely necessary because the tap water tastes crisp, cold, and consistently clean.

How to Get There: Travellers from India usually fly to Helsinki via hubs such as Dubai, Doha, Istanbul, Frankfurt, or London. Helsinki Airport (HEL) is the main entry point.

Iceland

Iceland’s dramatic geology shapes its entire water system. The country relies on glacier melt and natural springs, and the water spends years moving through volcanic lava rock that acts like a natural filter. It has a perfect EPI score and requires no chemical treatment, which gives it a clean and smooth taste. Travellers can refill bottles at airports, shops, hotels, and outdoor taps without hesitation. It is common to drink straight from the tap everywhere on the island.

How to Get There: There are no direct flights from India, so most travellers connect through cities such as Dubai, Doha, London, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, or Copenhagen before arriving at Keflavik International Airport (KEF).

Switzerland

Switzerland’s tap water is as dependable as its transport. The country sources much of its supply from protected springs and groundwater, which helps maintain clarity and taste. Travellers will find countless public fountains across cities such as Zurich, Geneva, and Bern, all dispensing water that is safe to drink. Many fountains are marked clearly, making the refill process simple throughout the day. Bottled water becomes unnecessary because the tap water has a fresh, mineral-rich profile.

How to Get There: India has direct flights to Zurich from Delhi and Mumbai. Travellers can also reach Switzerland through hubs such as Dubai, Doha, Frankfurt, and Istanbul.

United Kingdom

The UK offers reliable tap water across England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Taste varies because of differences in water hardness, but the supply remains safe everywhere. Travellers can confidently drink from kitchen taps, hotel sinks, airport refill stations, and public water points. Scotland’s soft water has a particularly smooth taste, while London’s harder water remains fully safe. This makes the UK a destination where bottled water purchases can be avoided entirely.

How to Get There: India has several direct flights to London from major cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad. London Heathrow (LHR) is the most common entry point.

Norway

Norway’s water supply reflects its natural surroundings. Much of it comes from protected surface areas in the mountains, which keep the water clean and cold. Travellers can refill bottles in hotels, restaurants, public areas, and even on some hiking routes. The taste remains consistent across regions due to strict regulation. With reliable access in both small towns and major cities, there is no need to depend on bottled water during a trip.

How to Get There: There are no direct flights from India to Norway. Travellers usually connect through Dubai, Doha, Frankfurt, London, Amsterdam, or Istanbul to reach Oslo (OSL) or Bergen (BGO).

Netherlands

The Netherlands is known for its engineering and water management systems, which have shaped the country for centuries. Tap water is filtered through dunes and tested frequently, making it one of the cleanest supplies in Europe. Travellers can refill bottles in restaurants, hotels, and at public refill points. Tap water often tastes cleaner than bottled options that have been stored for long periods. It is widely accepted in dining spaces, and many establishments serve it without hesitation.

How to Get There: India has direct flights to Amsterdam Schiphol (AMS) from Delhi and Mumbai. Travellers from other Indian cities often connect through Dubai, Doha, Frankfurt, or Istanbul.

Final Thoughts On Bottle Free Travel

Visiting countries where tap water is safe removes a major travel concern. It simplifies daily routines, reduces the cost of staying hydrated, and supports a more sustainable way of travelling. There is no need to search for bottled brands or worry about brushing your teeth with tap water. Countries such as Finland, Iceland, Switzerland, and the rest on this list offer clean water that is safe anywhere you go. All you need is a reusable bottle to travel comfortably, responsibly, and without spending anything on drinking water.

While a trip during the rainy season is calming, there are a lot of health challenges, particularly for pregnant women. Know how to stay safe with these tips.

Monsoon unveils a new side to familiar sceneries, whether it’s making nature look greener or giving the cityscape a fresh look. So, people feel tempted to go on trips during the rainy season to see these beautiful sights, including pregnant women. But monsoon also brings several challenges that demand extra caution for expectant mothers. From slippery roads to a higher risk of illnesses, pregnant women need to take due precautions to ensure a safe journey.

Dr Ritu Choudhary, Lead Consultant, Obs and Gyn, Robotic and Laparoscopic Surgeon at Apollo Cradle and Children’s Hospital, Bangalore-Electronic City, told safety is essential, from maintaining hydration to eating clean foods. She said, “With some pro-activeness in choosing the right mode of transport, keeping oneself hydrated, eating clean food, and prioritising safety, expectant mothers can ensure a safe and pleasant journey in monsoons. ” Further, she cautioned that if the conditions worsen, then visit a doctor.

Dr Ritu Choudhary shared eight tips, including essentials ranging from what types of clothes to wear to the preferred seat type on transport:

1. Ask a doctor first

• Always consult the gynaecologist before arranging any travel, especially during the first or third trimester of pregnancy.
• Travel may be prohibited during high-risk pregnancy or at certain stages, depending on individual health conditions.
• Always carry reports and documents of medical history and emergency contact numbers.

2. Selecting proper transportation

• Trains and private vehicles are usually more comfortable and safer than buses or two-wheelers during the monsoon; thus, always prefer those if possible.
• When travelling via flight, always check the airline policies for pregnant women and avoid air travel after 36 weeks of pregnancy.

3. Check the weather and road conditions

• Always check the weather before and look at a weather app or website to get a clearer view of whether to venture out.
• Avoid going out when it is pouring rain, or there are storms or other warnings.
• Long road trips should be further considered by the prospect of wet roads, water pooling, and poor visibility.
• All of these situations drastically increase slipping and falling or getting into a car accident.

4. Prioritise comfort and safety

• Wear loose, cotton clothes and keep a spare set of clothes nearby. Carry waterproof jackets and strong umbrellas.
• Wear anti-slip, comfortable shoes to minimise the risk of slipping on wet surfaces.

5. Maintain hygiene

• The risk of infections like UTIs and gastroenteritis is greater during the monsoon.
• Keep hand sanitisers, wipes, tissues, and a toilet seat disinfectant spray handy.
• Minimise the use of public toilets. Drink clean potable water.

6. Follow a balanced diet

• Pregnancy cravings are normal, but it’s advisable to avoid street food during the monsoon.
• Eating fruits, salads, that are already cut and food that is left uncovered can be risky.
• Oily, spicy, or very salty foods could also trigger heartburn or indigestion.
• Consume freshly cooked food only prepared under hygienic conditions.

7. Ensure protection from mosquitoes

• Dengue and malaria peak during the monsoon season so dress in long-sleeved shirts and apply pregnancy-safe insect repellents.
• Stay away from stagnant water and sleep under a mosquito net on your travels

8. Take breaks during travel

• Extended travel can cause leg cramps, back pain, or fatigue. Remember to take regular breaks from your travels to move and stretch.
• If you are travelling by car, be sure to stop every 1.5–2 hours.
• When booking a train ticket, it is best to book a lower berth for the convenience and safety of getting on and off the train.

Rivers that flow backward defy conventional flow due to geological shifts, tidal forces, earthquakes, or sea level changes. This document explores seven such rivers, including the Amazon and Chicago Rivers, each with a unique story of reversal. These phenomena highlight Earth’s dynamic and unpredictable nature, showcasing how natural forces and human engineering can alter river courses, offering fascinating insights into geographical and environmental processes.

When we think of rivers, we think of water generally flowing, in a linear fashion, from high ground to the sea. Did you know there are some rivers on Earth that actually flow in reverse from their source to the sea? Rivers that defy the normal flow of water can do so because of a geological shift, tidal forces, earthquakes, or changes in sea levels.

Although it seems hard to believe, these rivers have baffled the scientific community and explorers for hundreds of years. From the Amazon River to the odd Chicago River, they each have a unique story regarding their reversal. Let’s dive into the seven fascinating rivers that go against nature and flow upriver in a unique way, it is very interesting that the rivers themselves do not follow the rules of geography. This list has been curated based on data by Mekong River Commission.

7 Rivers That Flow Backward in the World

Here are the top 7 rivers that flow backwards along with their location and the reason for their backward flow:

1. Amazon River (South America)

The Amazon River at one time flowed westward, but the uplift of the Andes Mountains about 10 million years ago reversed the river’s direction toward the Atlantic Ocean.

This tectonic and geological activity created the largest river basin in the world. The Amazon River carries more water than any river has ever carried, and it is proof of the power of Earth’s natural forces to even make rivers flow backward.

2. Chicago River (United States)

As a man-made river, the Chicago River flows backward by design. In 1900, engineers reversed the flow of the river to prevent sewage from being dumped into Lake Michigan, which provided drinking water to the city.

By building canals and locks, the engineers successfully redirected the river toward the Mississippi basin. It was a monumental historic solution to an environmental problem as well as one of the greatest engineering feats in American history.

3. Mississippi River (United States)

The Mississippi River has flowed backward on multiple occasions, such as in the 1812 New Madrid Earthquake and Hurricane Katrina. Because of violent seismic activity and storms, the river, for short periods of time, reversed during the shaking and stranding the river’s waves upstream.

These moments, though brief, were a powerful lesson about nature and even one of the world’s strongest rivers being detoured from its original course.

4. Fraser River (Canada)

The Fraser River runs through British Columbia and experiences occasional backward flow, influenced by significant ocean tides from the Pacific. In certain conditions, usually involving exceptionally high tides, seawater progresses against the river’s flow, causing some short-term backward flow energy near the mouth of the river.

This fascinating natural occurrence captures the attention of scientists and travelers, and it demonstrates the ways that tidal actions can influence the behavior of even the largest rivers in unexpected ways.

5. Tonle Sap River (Cambodia)

The Tonle Sap River in Cambodia reverses flow direction in a unique way each year. During the monsoon season rain, floodwaters from the Mekong River push the river backward, greatly increasing the size of the Tonle Sap Lake.

However, when the dry season returns and water levels drop, the Tonle Sap River returns to normal forward flow. This predictable, yet extraordinary, natural cycle feeds millions of people by replenishing fish stocks and nourishing Cambodia’s rich agricultural ecosystem.

6. Humber River (Canada)

The Humber River in Canada is sometimes talked about because it will sometime flow backwards in some spots during major storms and winds.

Winds can be so intense that, rather than the river flowing downstream out to Lake Ontario, the water is pushed upstream into the river lake out and reversed its flow.

It runs through Toronto and is an important part of local ecology and history; a natural heritage river and example of the power of nature at work.

7. Orinoco River (South America)

The Orinoco River is among the longest rivers in South America and runs through the countries of Venezuela and Colombia. Interestingly, you will see parts of the river flowing “backwards” during times of rain because of all the water from its tributaries and from the Amazon River through the Casiquiare Canal.

This natural occurrence creates currents that flow temporally in reverse order. The river system is an example of the dynamic power in nature and complex hydrology associated with a river system such as the Amazon and Orinoco rivers.

Conclusion

Rivers that flow in reverse teach us how dynamic and unpredictable the Earth is. Whether caused by the moon, tectonic shifts, or engineering decisions, rivers flowing backward are the epitome of change and dynamism in nature. Whether the Amazon River or the Tonle Sap, these remarkable rivers represent an incredible story of nature’s dynamism and unpredictable reality.