Capital cities are often the most affected by pollution due to their dense populations and high levels of industrialisation and vehicular emissions. However, a few around the world are bucking the trend with impressively clean air. IQAir, a Swiss company that tracks global air quality, monitors fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, a small yet harmful pollutant that arises from the combustion of fossil fuels, dust storms, and wildfires, and is linked to various health risks. AQI, or Air Quality Index, is a scale used to measure air pollution levels in a particular region on the basis of how unhealthy it is for humans. It ranges from 0 to 500, with lower numbers indicating cleaner air and higher numbers indicating more pollution. An AQI below 50 is considered good, while anything above 300 is hazardous. Here are 20 capital cities currently reporting an AQI below 50.

1. Oslo, Norway (Current AQI: 13)
2. Washington D.C., USA (Current AQI: 16)
3. Helsinki, Finland (Current AQI: 19)
4. Stockholm, Sweden (Current AQI: 20)
5. Seoul, South Korea (Current AQI: 22)
6. Kyiv, Ukraine (Current AQI: 23)
7. Copenhagen, Denmark (Current AQI: 24)
8. Canberra, Australia (Current AQI: 25)
9. Rome, Italy (Current AQI: 28)
10. Amsterdam, Netherlands (Current AQI: 28)
11. Moscow, Russia (Current AQI: 31)
12. London, United Kingdom (Current AQI: 33)
13. Bogota, Colombia (Current AQI: 39)
14. Budapest, Hungary (Current AQI: 39)
15. Berlin, Germany (Current AQI: 39)
16. Vienna, Austria (Current AQI: 39)
17. Bucharest, Romania (Current AQI: 41)
18. Brussels, Belgium (Current AQI: 43)
19. Algiers, Algeria (Current AQI: 44)
20. Kampala, Uganda (Current AQI: 49)

These rankings are subject to changes. Readers are advised to check IQAir for updates figures.

Travelling by air is exciting, and there are times when we just want to shove everything we need in one bag and travel light and fast. But alas, this does not always work out favourably. When it comes to air travel, we do have to pay extra attention to what, where and how we are packing. This is because of certain restrictions when it comes to cabin bags and check-in bags. We are here for the cabin or the hand bag. Many travellers unknowingly carry items that can cause delays at security, inconvenience during the flight, or even confiscation of the said items. From everyday toiletries to gadgets, certain things that seem harmless can become problematic when flying. Know what you can and cannot pack in a hand bag.

Large amount of liquids or unapproved gels

Airlines strictly enforce liquid limits in carry-on bags. Usually containers must be 100 ml or less, more than that and you’ll have to discard or surrender it at the security check. Also, all liquids must fit in a 1-liter clear zip-lock bag. Carrying larger bottles of shampoo, lotion, or even homemade cosmetics can result in confiscation at security. So to avoid this unnecessary roadblock, always make sure you are using small, travel-sized toiletries, and that they are easily accessible during checks.

Sharp objects

Sharp or pointed tools, scissors, pocket knives, metal tweezers, or nail clippers with cutting edges, can set off security and are banned from carry-on bags. Anything that could be used as a weapon must go in checked luggage. If you absolutely need to carry small grooming tools like nail clippers or tiny scissors, make sure they meet your airline’s size rules (typically under about 6 cm).

Aerosols and sprays

Hairsprays, deodorant sprays, or bug repellents in aerosol form can be flammable or pressurised, which is hazardous during flights. Even small cans often get flagged during security checks.

Food items that can spill or smell strong

This is more of a common sense matter than security. Carrying liquid soups, sauces, or overly aromatic foods can create a mess around where they are kept, and create discomfort for fellow passengers. What if the liquid is spilled? It’s better to avoid all these messes, and just carry simple, dry nuts, cookies, or packaged sandwiches, and pack them securely in zip-lock bags.

Excess cash or valuable jewellery

Carrying large sums of money or expensive jewellery in your handbag makes you a target for theft and increases stress during security checks. Loss or misplacement can also create major travel disruptions. Carry only the cash you need for immediate expenses, keep valuables in a secure money belt, and use digital payment options whenever possible.

Heavy books or gadgets you don’t need

Handbags quickly become cumbersome when overloaded with heavy items like thick books, extra laptops, or bulky electronics. This can slow you down at security and make your flight uncomfortable. Also, most airlines these days have a weight limit for handbags as well. Only carry essentials like your tablet, a small book, or e-reader.

Liquids bought after security in non-compliant packaging

Duty-free liquids bought before security are fine, but liquids bought inside the airport after security may not be allowed through connecting flights, especially if you have to re-clear security. That’s the kind of trouble nobody wants. However, if you must carry them, make sure you have the receipts and ensure the liquids are packed in tamper-evident bags.

Medical supplies without prescription

Your daily pill or two is fine but a large quantity of prescription medicines is sure to raise some eyebrows. All prescription medicines must be accompanied by valid prescriptions or doctor’s notes. Carrying large amounts of over-the-counter medicines or supplements can raise suspicion.

In a world where famous destinations often steal the limelight, there are still countries that remain hidden gems, untouched, underrated, and unimaginably beautiful. These lesser-visited nations offer raw natural beauty, rich traditions, and warm hospitality without the overwhelming tourist crowds. Travelling to lesser-known destinations not only rewards you with unique experiences but also helps distribute tourism more sustainably, supporting local communities without overwhelming them.

Georgia

Nestled between Europe and Asia, Georgia is where snow-capped mountains meet lush vineyards and centuries-old monasteries. The country’s capital, Tbilisi, is a beautiful blend of old and new, with cobblestone lanes, sulphur baths, and a thriving café culture. Head to Kazbegi for breathtaking alpine scenery or explore the wine region of Kakheti, where winemaking traditions go back 8,000 years.

Namibia

Namibia offers surreal, otherworldly landscapes unlike anywhere else on Earth. From the rolling red dunes of Sossusvlei in the Namib Desert to the eerie shipwrecks along the Skeleton Coast, this African nation is a paradise for photographers and adventure seekers. Wildlife lovers can witness rhinos, elephants, and lions roaming freely in Etosha National Park.

Albania

Albania sits quietly along the Adriatic and Ionian seas. The Albanian Riviera offers turquoise waters, hidden coves, and charming seaside towns like Himara and Ksamil. Inland, the Accursed Mountains provide thrilling hiking routes, while ancient towns such as Berat and Gjirokastër reveal layers of history. Budget-friendly and breathtaking, Albania is Europe’s underrated coastal gem.

Kyrgyzstan

This Central Asian country is dominated by the mighty Tian Shan mountains. Here, traditional nomadic culture thrives, like visitors can stay in yurts, ride horses through highland valleys, and experience age-old hospitality firsthand. The lack of mass tourism makes it an authentic destination, making Kyrgyzstan a dream for trekkers and culture enthusiasts.

Slovenia

Slovenia is bursting with natural wonders like emerald lakes, snow-dusted peaks, and medieval charm. Lake Bled, with its fairytale island church, often draws attention, but beyond it lies Triglav National Park, dotted with hiking trails and waterfalls. The capital, Ljubljana, is delightfully green and laid-back, and the Soča Valley offers rafting and paragliding adventures.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Floating off the coast of Central Africa, this two-island nation is one of the most offbeat yet stunning destinations on the planet. With its volcanic peaks, lush rainforests, and secluded beaches, São Tomé and Príncipe feels like a tropical dream untouched by time. The islands boast incredible biodiversity, cocoa plantations, and warm local culture.

Armenia

Armenia is a country where ancient monasteries perch dramatically on mountainsides. The capital, Yerevan, is one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, with Soviet-era architecture blending into vibrant modern life. Visit Lake Sevan, explore the Geghard Monastery carved into rock, and admire Mount Ararat from afar.

Laos

Laos offers a slower, more serene version of Southeast Asia. The country is often overshadowed by tourism giants like Thailand and Malaysia, but don’t be disheartened, Laos has its own unique charm. The UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang charms with its golden temples, French colonial architecture, and riverside cafés. Adventurers can explore the karst landscapes of Vang Vieng or cruise along the Mekong River.

The United States has the highest number of airports worldwide, with an estimated 16,116 across the country as of March 2025. Brazil followed with an estimated 5,297 airports, and Australia with around 2,257. Let’s have a look at the top 7 nations with the highest number of airports.

1. USA: 16,116

With an estimated 16,116 airports, the United States top the list. It has small regional airports to large international ones, which offer wide-ranging connectivity throughout the nation. It plays a significant role for both commercial and private aircraft due to its vast geographic area and diversified population, according to a report on CIA.gov.

2. Brazil: 5,297

Brazil has 5,297 airports, which makes it the second-highest in the world, leaving behind the US. Its vast size and need to connect remote areas contribute to this large number.

3. Australia: 2,257

With 2,257 airports, Australia has a large number of smaller regional airports, which play a significant role in serving its scattered population across vast distances. They also play a vital role in both tourism and local business activities.

4. Mexico: 1,580

Mexico has a total of 1,580 registered airfields, ranking it fourth in the world for the number of airports. However, the number of airports with scheduled commercial flights is much smaller, with 64 such airports and 80 officially recognised airports in total.

5. Canada: 1,459

Canada boasts 1,459 airports, a figure that highlights its vast geography and low population density. The extensive network ensures connectivity across the country, linking remote regions with major cities and supporting both domestic and international travel.

6. France: 1,218

France ranks sixth with 1,218 airports, offering a mix of regional and international connectivity. From small regional airfields serving business and tourism to major global gateways like Charles de Gaulle Airport, France maintains a well-distributed aviation network.

7. United Kingdom: 1,057

The United Kingdom has 1,057 airports, ensuring strong air connectivity across Europe and worldwide. Its network includes globally recognised hubs such as Heathrow, Gatwick, and Manchester, alongside numerous regional airports supporting domestic travel.